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Your doctor will recommend that you have a physical examination and certain screening tests periodically, depending on your age and health history. The following material indicates the most common tests ordered for men.
Eye Examination
To check for any vision problems such as near- or farsightedness or eye muscle disorders and to look for any early signs of disease.
Those at risk: Men who have diabetes, high blood pressure, or a family history of glaucoma.
Dental Examination
To check for tooth decay, gum disease, and early signs of oral cancer.
Those at risk: Men who smoke or chew tobacco; men with poor oral hygiene.
Blood Pressure Measurement
To detect high blood pressure early, before it leads to stroke, heart failure, or kidney failure.
Those at risk: Men with a family history of high blood pressure, heart disease, kidney disease, or stroke; men who are overweight or have diabetes; men who smoke or use tobacco products.
Cholesterol Test
To measure the blood levels of cholesterol, which helps evaluate the risk of heart disease.
Those at risk: Men with a family history of heart disease; men who have diabetes; men who smoke or use tobacco products.
To look for signs of cancer of the colon, rectum, and prostate. Includes rectal examination performed by hand by a doctor, fecal occult blood test that checks for blood in the stool, sigmoidoscopy (see page 284), and possibly a PSA (prostate-specific antigen) test.
Those at risk: Men with a family history of colon or rectal cancer; men who have intestinal polyps or ulcerative colitis; men over age 50. African American men have an increased risk of prostate cancer.
To regularly assess your current health status and to maintain an ongoing relationship with your doctor. Be sure to see your doctor as often as he or she recommends.
Test
Dental
Blood pressure
Colon and rectum
Physical
Tests in Men Younger Than 30 Years
Men at High Risk
Once a year
Men at Average Risk
Every 2 years if you have vision problems
Every 6 months
Every 2V2 years beginning at age 20
Not needed
Twice in your 20s
As recommended by dentist Once a year
Once a year after age 20 Twice in your 20s
Tests in Men 30 to 50 Years Old
Test Men at Average Risk
Eye Every 2 years if you have vision problems; otherwise starting at age 40
Dental Every 6 months
Blood pressure Every 2V2 years
Cholesterol Every 5 years if normal
Colon and Once a year after age 40
rectum
Prostate Not needed
Men at High Risk
Once a year
As recommended by dentist Once a year
As recommended by doctor
Rectal examination and fecal occult blood test once a year; sigmoidoscopy every 3 to 5 years
Once a year beginning at age 45 if you are African American or if you are a white male with a family history of prostate cancer
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